Any organism needs to make proteins to reproduce. Making proteins requires amino acids as raw materials, genomes as instructions or designs, ribosomes as factories to carry out the designs, and various enzymes and special RNAs as factory workers.

dengue

Among these, viruses contain only genomes and nothing else. Therefore, to reproduce, he enters a cell and uses the amino acids, ribosomes, etc. of that cell to make proteins according to the design of his genome. After that, new members of the virus family are born by clapping them together. Dengue virus is no exception. However, any virus cannot enter any cell at will.

The envelope of the virus (or capsid if it doesn't exist) contains proteins that act as a kind of key. And there are different types of proteins on the outside of the cell membrane. They act as locks. The key that fits the lock will open that lock, not the other lock.

A virus's outer surface protein can specifically bind to a protein on the outside of a cell, which is the target of the virus. The target cells in dengue are monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells which are important for our immune system.

The E and M proteins in the envelope of the mature dengue virus facilitate its entry into these cells. It should be noted that in the case of immature viruses, the M protein is replaced by its denatured form, the pre-M protein. As the virus replicates inside the cell, proteins are produced that are not eventually incorporated into the virus structure. However, viruses cannot be made without them.

Much like the wooden planks used in roofing. They are removed after the casting freezes. These proteins are called non-structural proteins or NS for short. Dengue virus has seven such NSs (1 to 7) of which NS1 is the most reliably identified and is used for diagnosis from the first day of fever.