**Bangladesh Independence Day**  

Independence Day of Bangladesh is celebrated annually on **March 26** to commemorate the country’s declaration of independence from Pakistan in 1971. It is a day of immense historical significance and national pride, marking the beginning of a nine-month-long liberation war that culminated in the creation of an independent Bangladesh.  

### Historical Background  

After the partition of India in 1947, Bangladesh was part of Pakistan and known as East Pakistan, while the western part of the country was referred to as West Pakistan. Despite being geographically separated by over 1,600 kilometers, the two regions were united under one state. However, political, economic, and cultural discrimination against the Bengali-speaking population of East Pakistan led to growing unrest and demands for autonomy.  

In the general elections of 1970, the Awami League, led by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, won a majority in the national parliament. However, the ruling authorities in West Pakistan refused to transfer power, leading to heightened tensions. On the night of March 25, 1971, the Pakistani military launched a brutal operation, "Operation Searchlight," targeting unarmed civilians in Dhaka and other cities in East Pakistan.  

In response, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman declared Bangladesh’s independence on March 26, 1971. This declaration marked the beginning of the Liberation War, which ended on December 16, 1971, with the victory of Bangladesh and its recognition as a sovereign nation.  

### Celebrations and Observances  

Independence Day is observed with great enthusiasm and patriotism across the country. Key activities include: