Lifestyle Desk: Inside every cell, in the coat of every nucleus, there are human 'lifers' hidden. The activity of proteins and DNA is constantly going on there. A small mistake can lead to cancer. The 'University of Chicago' conducted a study on this, which opened up an unknown horizon. The research paper was recently published in the journal 'Nature'.

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The research was led by Professor Chuan Ho of the University of Chicago. Collaborating with his team is Mingxiang Shu, a professor at the University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio. In their research, they found that RNA plays an important role in how DNA is 'packaged' and stored inside a cell.

The thing is, RNA involved in protein synthesis plays a special role in compacting long DNA into tiny spaces (called DNA packaging) compared to the inside of the cell . In this case, the gene that helps RNA in DNA packaging is called Tet-2. Scientists say this study has answered a long-standing puzzle - why Tet2-related mutations often come up in the papers when searching for the cause of cancer or other disorders. For a long time, scientists did not have a clear idea of ​​what effect TET methyl-etosine dioxygenase 2 or Tet-2 has on the human body. Researchers hope that once the 'culprit' is identified, so will the solution. New horizons of treatment will open. However, Chuan said, this is a 'conceptual breakthrough'. The 'identity' of an important gene has been clarified.

Chuan and his colleagues have done a number of important works on gene-expression. In a 2011 study, they showed that, like DNA and proteins, changes in RNA can alter gene expression. Since then they have been working on RNA and gene expression. While working in this way, they looked at the Tet-2 gene. Scientists knew that mutations in Tet-2 or Tet-2 related genes cause various diseases in the human body. Leukemia or bone marrow cancer occurs when 10-60 percent of the DNA nucleotide sequence of the Tet-2 gene is altered or mutated. Apart from this, the mutation of that gene also causes other types of cancer.

Other members of the Tate family also influence DNA, Chuan said. So for many years, researchers only looked at Tet-2's effects on DNA. But that is wrong. Tet-2 actually affects RNA.

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John T. Wilson, professor of the Department of Chemistry and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, said, 'This research will lead to new directions in medicine. I hope this research will have a significant impact on the whole world.'